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Feb24
Massive Antarctic ice shelf about to collapse
Filed under: Environment; Tagged as: antarctic, arctic, breakikng news, climate change, Environment, global warming, ice, NASA, ozone layer
A New Zealand frigate patrols past the Ross Ice Shelf in the Southern Ocean in Antarctica.
Professor David Vaughan has an infectious enthusiasm, even when he’s issuing dire warnings about the future of Antarctica. That’s where he is right now, at the Rothera Research Station. He’s just returned from a flight to the Wilkins Ice Shelf – which juts out of the western tip of the Continent. It will probably be his last.
An Englishman whose home is among the dreaming spires of Cambridge, where the British Antarctic Survey has its headquarters, Professor Vaughan has been visiting the world’s coldest places for twenty years. He was surprised to find that the Wilkins Ice Shelf, which began disintegrating a decade ago, hasn’t yet disappeared. But he says it’s in its death throes.
Last year, AC360° reported the Survey’s finding that a slice the size of Manhattan had broken off the ice shelf. Vaughan says the whole shelf is now connected to the rest of Antarctica by a strip of ice just a few hundred meters wide. It’s like looking at an hour glass. This huge slab of ice –11,000 square kilometres (the size of Jamaica) – is about to collapse into the sea. Maybe within weeks, maybe later in the year, says Vaughan.
In the last year, a sequence of images taken by NASA and the European Space Agency has shown fissures opening up – like fault-lines across the ice. I asked Vaughan what they looked like – close-up. “Huge, absolutely huge,” he says. “The cracks in the Wilkins ice shelf and the chunks of ice that are splitting away from the ice-shelf….they’re kind of shopping mall chunks of ice and some are floating off into the ocean.”

In what could irreparably change our global map, the WILKINS ICE SHELF in, Antarctica is about to collapse. Holding on by a sliver of ice, it could be the latest casualty of Global Warming.
Scientists have a clearer view than even a few years ago about the rate of climate change in the Antarctic Peninsula, which stretches north like a thin finger into the south Atlantic. In the last fifty years, average temperatures there have risen more than 5 degrees Fahrenheit – faster than anywhere else in the southern hemisphere. Vaughan says the evidence is now “quite strong” that emissions of greenhouse gases have influenced the Antarctic climate, just as CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons) have damaged the ozone layer. The process may have been further accelerated by the warming of the sea – gently cooking the underside of the ice-shelf. Wilkins is not the first to collapse. “It s about the ninth in the series that s been lost,” says Vaughan…”and at least one of those ice shelves that’s been lost had been there continuously for 10,000 years.”
The collapse of the ice shelves does not in itself much influence sea-levels, but many of them play an important role in holding back the huge Antarctic glaciers. Were they to accelerate toward the ocean, melting on contact, there would be an impact on sea levels. Vaughan has a scientist’s caution in peering into the future. “ The big ice sheets – Greenland and Antarctica – are now the major sources of uncertainty in predicting sea level rise in the future. What’s happening on Wilkins and deeper in the Antarctic continent are major concerns for us.”
A new study published in ‘Nature’ magazine suggests that other parts of Antarctic – far from the Wilkins Ice Shelf – have also been warming, though less fast. U.S. scientists reviewed a half century of satellite and weather records for Antarctica, which showed that temperatures had risen by nearly 1 degree Fahrenheit. The study concluded the process was “difficult to explain” without linking it to greenhouse gases.
Vaughan is a member of the United Nations Panel on Climate Change which predicted that sea levels could rise anywhere between 18 and 59 centimetres (7 to 23 inches) over the next century. Now, as he contemplates the gradually warming Antarctic summer, he wonders whether that assessment was too conservative.
No CommentsFeb205 dolphins trapped behind drifting pack ice
Filed under: Environment; Tagged as: atlantic, breaking news, canada, canadians, dolphins, ice, ice breaker, ice breakers, newfoundland, sealCanada turns down town’s request that icebreaker be sent to open channel
SEAL COVE, Newfoundland – Five exhausted dolphins have been trapped behind drifting pack ice for several days and now need rapid rescue, according to the mayor of an eastern Canadian village.The 8-foot animals somehow became separated from the open Atlantic and have been swimming for four days in a shrinking open-water area of Seal Cove’s harbor, just 100 feet from shore, said Mayor Winston May said Wednesday.
“They keep going round circles, trying to keep this little pool of water open so that they can have their breathing area. And the whole bay seems to be froze up, there’s no where else for them to go,” said May.
Wayne Ledwell, an expert on whale rescues, said dolphins won’t swim long distances under ice since they need to surface regularly to breathe and the slabs of ice would make that impossible.
Ledwell, who heads Whale Release and Strandings Group, which rescues whales and dolphins, said that if the ice continues to encroach on the open area the dolphins could eventually drown.
May said he asked Canada’s federal Fisheries Department to send an icebreaker to create a channel to the open Atlantic, but that he was told no vessels were available.
“They’re not going to survive much longer,” said May. “You can hear (the dolphins) crying all night long,” he said.
“You could hear the screams coming out of them,” the Canadian Broadcasting Corp. quoted resident Stanley Banks as saying. “And they were trying to break the ice there just to survive. And there’s us here empty-handed. And DFO (Fisheries) with all this money won’t even send a boat in here to let those out? It’s a crime.”
Ledwell said that sending an icebreaker could pose problems as well. “Those boats push ice ahead of them and that can crush the animal, and that has happened before,” the CBC quoted Ledwell as saying.
The dolphins are regular visitors to the waters around Newfoundland’s Seal Cove, which is about 400 miles northwest of capital city St. John’s.
No CommentsFeb18Palin told to pay back taxes
Filed under: Politics, U.S.; Tagged as: alaska, breaking news, government, governor, ice, john mccain, juneau, Politics, sarah palin, snow, taxesNo Comments
(CNN) – Alaska officials have told Gov. Sarah Palin she must pay back taxes on the thousands of dollars she received in state per diem funds while living at her home in Wasilla.The Washington Post first reported last September that Palin had billed the state for nearly $17,000 worth of meals and other living expenses while staying in her own home during the first 19 months of her administration, even though the official governor’s residence is in Juneau. The news clouded Palin’s self-styled image as a small government reformer, just weeks after she was tapped as John McCain’s running mate. At the time, Palin’s office said the governor was entitled to the payments.
Alaska administration commissioner Annette Kreitzner told the Anchorage Daily News on Tuesday that the governor’s office had asked the office to review the tax treatment of the per diem payments after questions about the funds were raised.
Kreitzner told the paper that following the review, the per diem payments will be treated as income and that a revised W-2 statement will be sent to the governor.
Palin’s office would not say how much she owes in back taxes, or if she would continue to receive the payments.
“The amount of taxes owed is a private matter,” Palin spokeswoman Sharon Leighow told the paper. “If the governor collects future per diem, those documents would be a matter of public record.”
Feb18Pilot error may be the cause of the crash in Buffalo
Filed under: Travel, U.S.; Tagged as: airplane, breaking news, buffalo, crash, flying, government, ice, new york new york, pilotNo CommentsFlight Data Show Response to Loss of Speed Resulted in Deadly Stall That Downed Plane
Investigators examining last week’s Continental Connection plane crash have gathered evidence that pilot commands — not a buildup of ice on the wings and tail — likely initiated the fatal dive of the twin-engine Bombardier Q400 into a neighborhood six miles short of the Buffalo, N.Y., airport, according to people familiar with the situation.The commuter plane slowed to an unsafe speed as it approached the airport, causing an automatic stall warning, these people said. The pilot pulled back sharply on the plane’s controls and added power instead of following the proper procedure of pushing forward to lower the plane’s nose to regain speed, they said. He held the controls there, locking the airplane into a deadly stall, they added.
The crash on Feb. 12 at about 10:20 p.m. EST killed all 49 aboard and one person on the ground.
The investigation is still at an early stage, and National Transportation Safety Board officials have warned about ruling out potential causes or prematurely jumping to conclusions. But in the past few days, government and industry crash experts have gained a better understanding of the sequence of events as they have compared information from the plane’s flight recorders with radar and weather data.
Mark Rosenker, the NTSB’s acting chairman, said Tuesday that investigators still have “lots of data that needs to be examined,” and “still more evidence that needs to be collected,” before announcing firm conclusions.
The Q400 was operated by Colgan Air Inc., an unit of Pinnacle Airlines Inc., which was operating the flight on behalf of Continental Airlines Inc. Joe Williams, a spokesman for Pinnacle, declined to comment about details of the accident while the safety board was investigating. A spokeswoman for the Air Line Pilots Association, which represents the pilots, declined to comment.
Investigators initially focused their attention on potential ice buildup on the plane’s wings — a perpetual hazard of aviation. People familiar with the investigation cautioned that they still aren’t sure whether icing may have played a contributing role in the crash because it was on the minds of the pilots, but they noted that another Q400 flew through “moderate” icing conditions on the same route from Newark, N.J., to Buffalo the same night, landing without incident less than an hour after the crash.
A Bombardier spokesman said Tuesday that the company is “not aware of any serious icing incident on this aircraft” since it was introduced into service in February 2000.
According to people familiar with the investigation, Capt. Marvin Renslow, 47 years old, who lived outside Tampa, Fla., was at the controls of Flight 3407. The safety board said Mr. Renslow was relatively new to the Q400, which he began flying only in December, when he upgraded from another type of airplane. First Officer Rebecca Lynne Shaw, 24, of Seattle, had accumulated 774 hours in the 74-seat aircraft.
The recovered flight data described in detail how the crew of Continental Flight 3407 handled the emergency, the people said.
During the flight from Newark, Mr. Renslow and Ms. Shaw noticed ice building up on the windshield and wings of the airplane after they had already activated the craft’s de-icing system, which inflates a series of rubber bladders on the leading edge of the wings and tail surfaces to break up accumulated ice.
According to the plane’s flight recorders, Flight 3407’s descent into Buffalo was routine until roughly a minute before impact, when the crew lowered the landing gear, followed by the command to extend the wing flaps, which enable the plane to fly at slower speeds.
Almost immediately, these people say, the plane’s air speed slowed rapidly, causing a stall-warning device known as a “stick-shaker” to cause the pilots’ control column to vibrate. This was followed by a “stick-pusher,” which automatically forces the stick forward.
At this point, the captain appears to have pulled back with enough force to overpower the stick-pusher and shoved the throttles to full power, according to people familiar with the matter. Safety board officials said the nose pitched up to a 31-degree angle. Already at a dangerously low speed, the wings immediately stopped generating lift. The plane whipped to the left and then entered a steep right turn, losing 800 feet of altitude in less than five seconds. At one point the right wing was perpendicular to the ground, according to information taken from the flight data recorder.
The pilots continued to fight with the controls almost all the way to the ground, and in the final moments, “it appeared that they were beginning to make headway when they ran out of altitude,” said one person who looked at the data.
A crash with many similarities occurred five years ago involving a regional jet operated by Pinnacle. Following that crash, which killed the two pilots outside Jefferson City, Mo., the safety board urged Pinnacle and other commuter operations to revamp training procedures, including how to recover from certain types of stalls. Investigators are seeking more information from Pinnacle about how it changed its procedures in the wake of the previous crash, as well as specific details about the training provided for the pilots on Flight 3407.
Pinnacle’s Mr. Williams said that following the previous crash, “we continually evaluated our procedures in accordance with our commitment to safety.”
Feb16zero emission research station: Alternative energy viable even in the coldest regions
Filed under: Environment; Tagged as: antartica, arctic, breaking news, cars, climate change, Environment, global warming, Health, hot cold, ice, life, scientist, scientists, solar power, technology, wind powerNo CommentsIf we can do it here, it can be done anywhere, Belgian sponsors say
PRINCESS ELISABETH BASE, Antarctica – The world’s first zero-emission polar research station opened in Antarctica and was welcomed by scientists as proof that alternative energy is viable even in the coldest regions.Pioneers of Belgium’s Princess Elisabeth station in East Antarctica said if a station could rely on wind and solar power in Antarctica — mostly a vast, icy emptiness — it would undercut arguments by skeptics that green power is not reliable.
“If we can build such a station in Antarctica we can do that elsewhere in our society. We have the capacity, the technology, the knowledge to change our world,” Alain Hubert, the station’s project director, told Reuters at the inauguration ceremony Sunday.
Global warming, spurred by greenhouse gas emissions, has prompted governments to look for alternative energy sources. And renewable energies are gaining a foothold in Antarctica, despite problems in designing installations to survive bone-chilling cold and winter darkness.
Wind and even solar power are catching on — solar panels on the Antarctic Peninsula can collect as much energy in a year as many places in Europe.
Thomas Leysen, chairman of Belgium’s Umicore, a leading manufacturer of catalysts for cars who attended the ceremony, said it made good business sense for companies to help protect the environment.
“The global credit crisis is a result of unsustainable behavior. We can’t deal in an unsustainable way with our planet otherwise we will also face a crisis which will be even bigger than the credit crisis,” he said.
Water re-used
Constructed over two years, the steel-encased station uses micro-organisms and decomposition to enable scientists to re-use shower and toilet water up to five times before discarding it down a crevasse.Wind turbines on the Utsteinen mountain ridge and solar panels on the bug-like, three-story building ensure the base has power and hot water. Even the geometry of windows help conserve energy.
Scientists monitoring global warming predict higher temperatures could hasten melting at Antarctica, the world’s largest repository of fresh water, raising sea levels and altering shorelines. If Antarctica ever melted, world sea levels would rise by about 180 feet.
That would impact some 146 million people living in low-lying coastal regions less than three feet above current sea levels, researchers said.
Jean-Pascal van Ypersele, vice-chair of the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, said failure to reduce emissions by 50 to 85 percent by the middle of this century could be catastrophic.
“Globally we will be in a temperature increase zone that the earth has not known for the past two to three million years,” he said.
Research focus on ice shelves
The $26 million base, which is run by the Belgian-based International Polar Foundation, sits on stilts on a ridge a few miles north of the Soer Rondane Mountains. It will focus on analyzing nearby deep ice shelves.The station’s roof is covered by solar panels, designed to provide the bulk of energy needed to run the isolated post.
The base is expected to have a lifespan of 25 years and will conduct research in climatology, glaciology and microbiology. Teams of scientists, including glaciologists, are already at work there from Belgium, Japan, France, Britain and the United States.
Maaike Van Cauwenbergh, from the Belgian Science Policy Office, said the base is in an isolated area “where there has been little research done.” It is located in a vast 600-mile zone between the Russian and Japanese research stations. The Belgian government partially funds the public-private project. The prefabricated station took two years to move from Belgium to the South Pole, where it was rebuilt.

